Discussion on the Programming Problems in the Machining of CNC Lathe Parts

April 30, 2023

The problem of programming in the machining of CNC lathe parts is discussed.
First, the programming method Numerical control programming methods are manual programming and automatic programming. Manual programming refers to the manual completion of the programming process from the part pattern analysis process processing, data calculation, writing program list, input program to program verification. It is suitable for the processing of point machining or parts with less complex geometry, as well as the calculation is simple, the program is not much, and the programming is easy to implement. However, for parts with complex geometric shapes (especially those composed of space surfaces) and parts with uncomplicated geometric elements but large amount of programming, the work of calculating values during programming is quite cumbersome, and the workload is large and error-prone. Calibration is also difficult and difficult to accomplish with manual programming, so automatic programming is required. The so-called automatic programming, that is, most or all of the programming work is done by computer, which can effectively solve the processing problems of complex parts, and is also the future development trend of numerical control programming. At the same time, we must also see that manual programming is the basis of automatic programming. Many core experiences in automatic programming come from manual programming, and the two complement each other.
Second, the programming step to get a piece of drawings, first of all to deal with the parts drawing analysis, determine the processing process, that is, determine the part processing methods (such as the use of fixtures, clamping positioning methods, etc.), processing routes (such as feed Route, tool setting point, tool change point, etc.) and process parameters (such as feed rate, spindle speed, cutting speed and depth of cut). Second, numerical calculations should be performed. Most CNC systems have a tool compensation function, which only needs to calculate the coordinate values of the intersection points (or tangent points) of the adjacent geometric elements of the contour, and obtain the starting point of each geometric element and the center coordinate value of the arc. Finally, according to the calculated tool motion trajectory coordinate value and the determined machining parameters and auxiliary actions, combined with the coordinate command code and the block format specified by the numerical control system, the part processing program list is written piece by piece and input into the memory of the CNC device. .

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