Servo control system enables precise control of CNC machine tools

August 16, 2023

The application of servo system in some automatic machinery equipment is very extensive. Especially in the general trend of automatic production development, the application of servo system becomes more and more important.

At present, China is promoting the automation of industrial manufacturing. This process requires a large number of industrial robots and machine tools. In these devices, the servo system has a very important application in the overall control. Servo system, also known as follow-up system, is a feedback control system used to precisely follow or reproduce a certain process. The servo system enables the position, orientation, status, etc. of the object to output an automatic control system in which the controlled variable can follow any change in the input target (or given value). Its main task is to amplify, transform and control the power according to the requirements of the control command, so that the torque, speed and position control of the output of the drive device are very flexible and convenient. In many cases, the servo system specifically refers to the feedback control system in which the controlled variable (the output of the system) is the mechanical displacement or displacement velocity and acceleration. Its role is to make the output mechanical displacement (or rotation angle) accurately track the input displacement ( Or the corner), its structural composition and other forms of feedback control system have no principle difference.

In CNC machine tools, servo control system is an indispensable part of it. Its task is to translate the numerical control information into the machine feed motion to achieve precise control.

Among them, the role of the CNC machine tool servo system is to accept the command signal from the numerical control device, drive the moving part of the machine tool to follow the instruction pulse motion, and ensure the fast and accurate action, which requires high-quality speed and position servo. The above mainly refers to the feed servo control, in addition to the servo control of the main movement, but the control requirements are not as high as the former. The technical specifications of CNC machine tools such as accuracy and speed often depend mainly on the servo system.

Since CNC machine tools require high product processing, the servo control system used is critical. The advantages of the servo control system currently used on CNC machine tools are: high accuracy, and the accuracy of the servo system refers to the precision of the output quantity to reproduce the input quantity. Including positioning accuracy and contour machining accuracy; stability is good, stability refers to the system under a given input or outside interference, after a brief adjustment process, to reach a new or restored to the original equilibrium state.

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Author:

Ms. SU LAN RONG

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susu@cn-tianhui.com

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